Form 990 for tax year 2023
Filed by LAWSCHOOL ADMISSIONS COUNCIL INC.
Totals
- Total revenue
- $110,902,892
- Total expenses
- $115,224,963
- Contributions and grants received
- $30,000
- Grants paid
- $1,067,137
- Program service revenue
- $100,329,326
- Investment income
- $9,420,994
- Other revenue
- $1,122,572
- Total assets, end of year
- $290,409,559
- Total liabilities, end of year
- $41,264,854
- Net assets or fund balances, end of year
- $249,144,705
- Program services expenses (Part IX)
- $78,189,529
- Management and general expenses
- $37,035,434
- Fundraising expenses
- $0
- Program service expenses (Part III)
- $78,189,529
Program services were 67.9% of total expenses calculated — Part IX's program-services column over total expenses, both as filed.
Line items
Every line the filer filed in Parts VIII, IX and X, as filed and in filed order. Blank columns are left out, and the lines are not forced to add up to the totals above.
Revenue
Part VIII, the statement of revenue.
-
1e · Government grants (contributions)
$30,000
-
2a · Program service revenue: ADMISSION FEES: LSAT
total $50,514,297 · related or exempt $50,514,297
-
2b · Program service revenue: ADMISSION FEES: CAS
total $32,194,549 · related or exempt $32,194,549
-
2c · Program service revenue: LAWHUB
total $12,204,371 · related or exempt $12,204,371
-
2d · Program service revenue: FOREIGN LLM
total $2,560,056 · related or exempt $2,560,056
-
2e · Program service revenue: LEGAL EDUCATION CONSULTING SERVIC
total $863,409 · related or exempt $863,409
-
2f · All other program service revenue
total $1,992,644 · related or exempt $1,986,644 · unrelated business $6,000
-
3 · Investment income
total $2,822,068 · related or exempt $2,822,068
-
7a · Gross sales of assets other than inventory
securities $7,686,123
-
7b · Less cost or other basis and sales expenses
securities $1,087,197
-
7c · Gain or loss
securities $6,598,926
-
7d · Net gain or loss
total $6,598,926 · related or exempt $6,598,926
-
10a · Gross sales of inventory
$490,374
-
10b · Cost of goods sold
$321,754
-
10c · Net income from sales of inventory
total $168,620 · related or exempt $168,620
-
11a · Other revenue: LICENSING FEE
total $929,306 · related or exempt $929,306
-
11b · Other revenue: OTHER OPERATING INCOME
total $24,646 · related or exempt $24,646
-
11e · Other revenue, total
$953,952
Functional expenses
Part IX, the statement of functional expenses.
-
1 · Grants to domestic organizations and governments
total $1,067,137 · program services $1,067,137
-
7 · Other salaries and wages
total $46,956,751 · program services $27,710,191 · management and general $19,246,560
-
8 · Pension plan contributions
total $2,896,030 · program services $1,563,813 · management and general $1,332,217
-
9 · Other employee benefits
total $3,004,227 · program services $1,918,056 · management and general $1,086,171
-
10 · Payroll taxes
total $3,287,674 · program services $1,940,127 · management and general $1,347,547
-
11b · Fees: legal
total $1,028,692 · management and general $1,028,692
-
11c · Fees: accounting
total $405,584 · management and general $405,584
-
11f · Fees: investment management
total $514,716 · management and general $514,716
-
11g · Fees: other
total $4,614,180 · program services $3,700,636 · management and general $913,544
-
12 · Advertising and promotion
total $155,569 · program services $137,585 · management and general $17,984
-
13 · Office expenses
total $768,476 · program services $669,047 · management and general $99,429
-
14 · Information technology
total $9,510,014 · program services $4,336,050 · management and general $5,173,964
-
16 · Occupancy
total $1,166,869 · program services $40,253 · management and general $1,126,616
-
17 · Travel
total $1,375,345 · program services $959,627 · management and general $415,718
-
19 · Conferences, conventions and meetings
total $2,572,074 · program services $2,518,213 · management and general $53,861
-
22 · Depreciation, depletion and amortization
total $6,165,088 · program services $5,115,001 · management and general $1,050,087
-
23 · Insurance
total $692,488 · management and general $692,488
-
24a · Other expenses: FEE WAIVER
total $12,078,444 · program services $12,078,444
-
24b · Other expenses: TEST ADMINISTRATION
total $11,092,883 · program services $11,095,115 · management and general -$2,232
-
24c · Other expenses: CREDIT CARD PROCESSING
total $2,539,989 · program services $2,412,990 · management and general $126,999
-
24d · Other expenses: SALES TAX AND OTHER TAX
total $1,573,218 · program services $41 · management and general $1,573,177
-
24e · All other expenses
total $1,759,515 · program services $927,203 · management and general $832,312
Balance sheet
Part X, book values.
-
1 · Cash, non-interest-bearing
beginning of year $4,948,240 · end of year $5,595,594
-
2 · Savings and temporary cash investments
beginning of year $11,738,479 · end of year $11,183,888
-
4 · Accounts receivable
beginning of year $2,372,525 · end of year $2,838,861
-
8 · Inventories for sale or use
beginning of year $202,501 · end of year $82,743
-
9 · Prepaid expenses and deferred charges
beginning of year $3,374,960 · end of year $4,245,712
-
10a · Land, buildings and equipment: cost or other basis
$38,222,074
-
10b · Land, buildings and equipment: accumulated depreciation
$29,329,918
-
10c · Land, buildings and equipment, net
beginning of year $9,471,146 · end of year $8,892,156
-
12 · Investments: other securities
beginning of year $217,431,828 · end of year $230,216,223
-
14 · Intangible assets
beginning of year $26,881,254 · end of year $27,143,363
-
15 · Other assets
beginning of year $226,346 · end of year $211,019
-
17 · Accounts payable and accrued expenses
beginning of year $11,788,218 · end of year $11,080,096
-
19 · Deferred revenue
beginning of year $15,449,494 · end of year $19,091,137
-
23 · Secured mortgages and notes payable
beginning of year $23,451 · end of year $0
-
25 · Other liabilities
beginning of year $11,050,592 · end of year $11,093,621
-
27 · Net assets without donor restrictions
beginning of year $238,335,524 · end of year $249,144,705
Mission and programs · 2023
Mission
LSAC IS A NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION WHOSE MISSION IS TO ADVANCE LAW AND JUSTICE BY PROMOTING ACCESS, EQUITY, AND FAIRNESS IN LAW SCHOOL ADMISSION AND SUPPORTING THE LEARNING JOURNEY FROM PRELAW THROUGH PRACTICE.LSAC PROVIDES PRODUCTS AND SERVICES THAT SUPPORT CANDIDATES AND SCHOOLS THROUGHOUT THE LAW SCHOOL ADMISSION PROCESS, AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO EXPAND THE RANGE OF PRELAW STUDENTS, ENHANCE STUDENT OUTCOMES IN LAW SCHOOL, AND SUPPORT LEGAL PROFESSIONALS THROUGHOUT THEIR CAREERS.
-
ADMINISTERED LAW SCHOOL ADMISSION TESTS (LSAT). PROVIDED THE LAW SCHOOL CREDENTIAL ASSEMBLY SERVICE (CAS) FOR CANDIDATES. PREPARED AND SENT REPORTS TO LAW SCHOOLS ON BEHALF OF CANDIDATES, CONDUCTED EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH FOR THE LEGAL COMMUNITY. PROVIDED ONLINE TEST PREP TO SUBSCRIBERS THROUGH LAWHUB. LAW SCHOOL TRANSPARENCY (LST) HELPS PRELAW STUDENTS MAKE STRATEGIC CHOICES ABOUT WHERE TO ATTEND LAW SCHOOL. THERE WERE MANY NEW SUBSCRIBERS AND ENROLLMENTS. LEARN SKILLS THAT WILL HELP YOU SUCCEED FROM EXPERTS ACROSS THE PROFESSION VIA THE MODERN LAW PRACTICE (MLP).
Expenses $50,222,715 · Grants $93,505 · Revenue $98,591,753
-
HELD VARIOUS TRAINING AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS FOR MEMBER LAW SCHOOL ADMISSION PROFESSIONALS. PROVIDED PROFESSIONAL CONSULTING SERVICES TO VARIOUS LAW SCHOOLS.
Expenses $14,666,723 · Revenue $1,169,297
-
HELD IN-PERSON AND DIGITAL NATIONAL LAW SCHOOL FORUMS TO ACQUAINT STUDENTS WITH THEIR LEGAL EDUCATION ALTERNATIVES. HELD AN ANNUAL MEETING FOR MEMBER SCHOOLS TO ATTEND.
Expenses $4,604,113 · Revenue $853,900
-
CONDUCTED PROGRAM AND RESEARCH TO ADVANCE ACCESS TO LEGAL EDUCATION.
Expenses $8,695,978 · Grants $973,632 · Revenue $658,227
As filed on the 2023 return. The filer continues this part on Schedule O, which is not shown here.
Listed in Part VII
-
Elena Maria Marty-NelsonELENA MARIA MARTY-NELSON
ASSESSMENTS COMMITTEE CHAI
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Elizabeth Kronk WarnerELIZABETH KRONK WARNER
CHAIR, AUDIT; CHAIR, EXECU
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Jannell Ludy RobertsJANNELL LUDY ROBERTS
CHAIR, EMERGING MARKETS AN
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Justin CruzJUSTIN CRUZ
APPOINTEE-AT-LARGE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Robert SchwartzROBERT SCHWARTZ
CHAIR, SCHOOLS AND CANDIDA
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Shani ButtsSHANI BUTTS
CHAIR, DIVERSITY, EQUITY A
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Sondra TennesseeSONDRA TENNESSEE
APPOINTEE-AT-LARGE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Marcilynn BurkeMARCILYNN BURKE
BOARD CHAIR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Angela Onwuachi-WilligANGELA ONWUACHI-WILLIG
CHAIR, INVESTMENT COMMITTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Sarah C ZearfossSARAH C ZEARFOSS
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Mya RimonMYA RIMON
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Patricia RobertsPATRICIA ROBERTS
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Rebecca SchellerREBECCA SCHELLER
CHAIR, ELECT
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Reynaldo VelenciaREYNALDO VELENCIA
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Lolita Buckner InnissLOLITA BUCKNER INNISS
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Daniel M FillerDANIEL M FILLER
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Johanna KalbJOHANNA KALB
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Bianca MackBIANCA MACK
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Bekah Saidman-KraussBEKAH SAIDMAN-KRAUSS
TRUSTEE
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1.5
-
Ana TavaresANA TAVARES
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
- Total calculated
- $539,231
- From this org
- $497,606
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $41,625
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $472,606
- Bonus
- $25,000
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $21,450
- Nontaxable benefits
- $20,175
- Filer's total
- $539,231
-
Susan KrinskySUSAN KRINSKY
INTERIM-PRESIDENT/CEO FROM 7/1/24
- Total calculated
- $502,582
- From this org
- $471,401
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $31,181
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $471,401
- Bonus
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $21,450
- Nontaxable benefits
- $9,731
- Filer's total
- $502,582
-
Amy Beth DambeckAMY BETH DAMBECK
GENERAL COUNSEL AND CORPOR
- Total calculated
- $408,409
- From this org
- $386,560
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $21,849
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $386,560
- Bonus
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $21,450
- Nontaxable benefits
- $399
- Filer's total
- $408,409
-
Disanzo FrancisDISANZO FRANCIS
INTERIM CIO AS OF 3/13/24
- Total calculated
- $276,146
- From this org
- $259,783
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $16,363
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $259,783
- Bonus
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $16,363
- Nontaxable benefits
- $0
- Filer's total
- $276,146
-
Kellye Y TestyKELLYE Y TESTY
PRESIDENT AND CEO UNTIL 6/30/24
- Total calculated
- $1,001,251
- From this org
- $977,756
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $23,495
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $902,756
- Bonus
- $75,000
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $23,100
- Nontaxable benefits
- $395
- Filer's total
- $1,001,251
-
Annmarie LevinsANNMARIE LEVINS
CHIEF STRATEGY OFFICER
- Total calculated
- $470,650
- From this org
- $428,826
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $41,824
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $428,826
- Bonus
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $21,450
- Nontaxable benefits
- $20,374
- Filer's total
- $470,650
-
Troy LowryTROY LOWRY
CIO THRU 3/13/24
- Total calculated
- $414,782
- From this org
- $379,202
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $35,580
- Hours/week
- 37.5
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $379,202
- Bonus
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Deferred
- $21,450
- Nontaxable benefits
- $14,130
- Filer's total
- $414,782
Compensation is as filed in Part VII: reportable pay from this organization and from related organizations, other compensation, and hours per week. The total, marked calculated, is our sum of the three dollar columns, with a blank column counted as $0; the form itself has no total. On a Form 990-EZ the columns are Part IV's instead, and on a Form 990-PF Part VIII's — compensation, contributions to benefit plans, and expense account — and the total sums those. A Schedule J breakdown is as filed: base pay, bonus, other, deferred compensation and nontaxable benefits from this organization, with any from related organizations beside each, and the filer's own total. It is shown with the Part VII listing of the same name on the same return. The form gives no key between the two, so that pairing is ours, and is marked matched by us.
Schedule J
Answered yes
- 1a · Travel for companions
- 1a · Tax indemnification and gross-up payments
- 1a · Health or social club dues or initiation fees
- 1b · Written policy on the line-1a expenses
- 2 · Substantiation required before reimbursing expenses
- 3 · Compensation committee
- 3 · Independent compensation consultant
- 3 · Written employment contract
- 3 · Approval by the board or compensation committee
- 7 · Other non-fixed payments
Answered no
- 4a · Severance or change-of-control payment
- 4b · Supplemental nonqualified retirement plan
- 4c · Equity-based compensation arrangement
- 5a · Pay contingent on this organization's revenues
- 5b · Pay contingent on a related organization's revenues
- 6a · Pay contingent on this organization's net earnings
- 6b · Pay contingent on a related organization's net earnings
- 8 · Paid under the initial-contract exception
The filer's explanations (Part III)
- PART I, LINE 7
- THE BOARD APPROVES COMPENSATION, INCLUDING BONUS FOR THE PRESIDENT AND CEO. ALL OTHER BONUSES ARE DETERMINED BY THE CEO. ALL COMPENSATION IS BENCHMARKED TO MARKET DATA.
Part I's answers as filed. A line not listed was left unanswered; on lines 1a and 3 that means the box was not checked.
Grants on this return
-
$338,408
RESEARCH
-
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY
$125,000
ANTIRACIST DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE
-
$100,000
PLUS 2023 AND 2024
-
$70,404
RESEARCH
-
PLUS 2023
-
$50,000
PLUS 2024
-
$28,000
PIPELINE GRANT
-
$16,876
ATLANTA FORUM
-
PLUS 2023
-
EQUITY ACCELERATOR
The 10 largest by cash amount. The API serves every itemized grant.
Taxable family on this return
Schedule R Parts I, III and IV, as filed. These record ownership and control, not shared board members or money moved.
Related partnerships
Part III: related organizations taxable as a partnership, with the filer's share.
-
LSAG INDIA LLP
RELATED · EDUCATIONAL SERVICES · IN · 99.99% owned
Directly controlled by LSAC
Provenance
- Return type
- form_990
- Tax year
- 2023
- Filed
- 7 April 2025
- IRS schema version
- 2023v6.0
- Source object
- 202510979349300721
Check it against the return as filed: the GivingTuesday Data Lake hosts a public copy of the original XML.
The source document this was parsed from is served over the API, which is where bulk and document access live.