Totals
- Total revenue
- $2,006,741
- Total expenses
- $1,920,120
- Contributions and grants received
- $1,735,875
- Grants paid
- $43,546
- Program service revenue
- $225,557
- Investment income
- $45,298
- Other revenue
- $11
- Total assets, end of year
- $2,755,932
- Total liabilities, end of year
- $25,502
- Net assets or fund balances, end of year
- $2,730,430
- Program services expenses (Part IX)
- $1,454,695
- Management and general expenses
- $404,653
- Fundraising expenses
- $60,772
- Program service expenses (Part III)
- $1,454,695
Program services were 75.8% of total expenses calculated — Part IX's program-services column over total expenses, both as filed.
Line items
Every line the filer filed in Parts VIII, IX and X, as filed and in filed order. Blank columns are left out, and the lines are not forced to add up to the totals above.
Revenue
Part VIII, the statement of revenue.
-
1f · All other contributions, gifts and grants
$1,735,875
-
2a · Program service revenue: PROGRAM SERVICE FEES
total $225,557 · related or exempt $225,557
-
3 · Investment income
total $45,298 · excluded $45,298
-
4 · Income from investment of tax-exempt bond proceeds
total $0
-
5 · Royalties
total $0
-
6c · Rental income or loss
real property $0 · personal property $0
-
6d · Net rental income or loss
total $0
-
7d · Net gain or loss
total $0
-
8a · Fundraising events: gross income
$0
-
8b · Fundraising events: direct expenses
$0
-
8c · Net income from fundraising events
total $0
-
9a · Gaming: gross income
$0
-
9b · Gaming: direct expenses
$0
-
9c · Net income from gaming
total $0
-
10a · Gross sales of inventory
$0
-
10b · Cost of goods sold
$0
-
10c · Net income from sales of inventory
total $0
-
11a · Other revenue: MISCELLANEOUS REVENUE
total $11 · excluded $11
-
11e · Other revenue, total
$11
Functional expenses
Part IX, the statement of functional expenses.
-
1 · Grants to domestic organizations and governments
total $0
-
2 · Grants to domestic individuals
total $0
-
3 · Grants to foreign organizations and individuals
total $43,546 · program services $43,546
-
4 · Benefits paid to or for members
total $0
-
5 · Compensation of officers, directors and key employees
total $530,673 · program services $378,666 · management and general $112,397 · fundraising $39,610
-
6 · Compensation of disqualified persons
total $0
-
7 · Other salaries and wages
total $48,308 · program services $31,921 · management and general $16,387
-
8 · Pension plan contributions
total $0
-
9 · Other employee benefits
total $973 · program services $557 · management and general $416
-
10 · Payroll taxes
total $22,954 · program services $14,042 · management and general $8,912
-
11a · Fees: management
total $0
-
11b · Fees: legal
total $11,779 · management and general $11,779
-
11c · Fees: accounting
total $21,420 · management and general $21,420
-
11d · Fees: lobbying
total $0
-
11e · Fees: professional fundraising services
total $0
-
11f · Fees: investment management
total $0
-
11g · Fees: other
total $1,113,833 · program services $916,937 · management and general $175,734 · fundraising $21,162
-
12 · Advertising and promotion
total $0
-
13 · Office expenses
total $10,792 · program services $2,406 · management and general $8,386
-
14 · Information technology
total $0
-
15 · Royalties
total $0
-
16 · Occupancy
total $5,098 · management and general $5,098
-
17 · Travel
total $78,837 · program services $52,429 · management and general $26,408
-
18 · Travel or entertainment for public officials
total $0
-
19 · Conferences, conventions and meetings
total $1,684 · management and general $1,684
-
20 · Interest
total $0
-
21 · Payments to affiliates
total $0
-
22 · Depreciation, depletion and amortization
total $3,502 · management and general $3,502
-
23 · Insurance
total $649 · management and general $649
-
24a · Other expenses: PROGRAM EXPENSES
total $8,309 · program services $8,309 · management and general $0 · fundraising $0
-
24b · Other expenses: OTHER COSTS
total $6,965 · program services $5,745 · management and general $1,220 · fundraising $0
-
24c · Other expenses: OTHER RELATED EXPENSES
total $4,206 · program services $0 · management and general $4,206 · fundraising $0
-
24d · Other expenses: BUSINESS REGISTRATION FEES
total $4,112 · program services $0 · management and general $4,112 · fundraising $0
-
24e · All other expenses
total $2,480 · program services $137 · management and general $2,343
Balance sheet
Part X, book values.
-
1 · Cash, non-interest-bearing
beginning of year $2,393,181 · end of year $871,130
-
2 · Savings and temporary cash investments
beginning of year $0 · end of year $1,563,180
-
3 · Pledges and grants receivable
beginning of year $0 · end of year $226,848
-
4 · Accounts receivable
beginning of year $31,000 · end of year $24,168
-
5 · Loans and receivables from officers and key people
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
6 · Loans and receivables from disqualified persons
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
7 · Other notes and loans receivable
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
8 · Inventories for sale or use
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
9 · Prepaid expenses and deferred charges
beginning of year $169,159 · end of year $0
-
10c · Land, buildings and equipment, net
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
11 · Investments: publicly traded securities
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
12 · Investments: other securities
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
13 · Investments: program-related
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
14 · Intangible assets
beginning of year $48,284 · end of year $58,120
-
15 · Other assets
beginning of year $12,486 · end of year $12,486
-
17 · Accounts payable and accrued expenses
beginning of year $28,183 · end of year $25,502
-
18 · Grants payable
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
19 · Deferred revenue
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
20 · Tax-exempt bond liabilities
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
21 · Escrow or custodial account liability
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
22 · Loans and payables to officers and key people
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
23 · Secured mortgages and notes payable
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
24 · Unsecured notes and loans payable
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
25 · Other liabilities
beginning of year $0 · end of year $0
-
27 · Net assets without donor restrictions
beginning of year $2,500,891 · end of year $2,245,077
-
28 · Net assets with donor restrictions
beginning of year $125,036 · end of year $485,353
Mission and programs · 2024
Mission
PRATHAM INTERNATIONAL WAS ESTABLISHED TO SUPPORT LEARNING INNOVATIONS FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH IN CONTEXTS ACROSS THE GLOBE. THE ORGANIZATION FACILITATES THE ADAPTATION AND DISSEMINATION OF PROVEN, SCALABLE SOLUTIONS, SUCH AS THE EVIDENCE-BASED TEACHING AT THE RIGHT LEVEL (TARL) APPROACH, THROUGH CUSTOMIZED PROGRAMMING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SUITED TO LOCAL CONTEXTS. IT ALSO DEVELOPS EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TOOLS AND SOLUTIONS FOR LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS, FOCUSING ON ASSESSMENT, LEARNER SUPPORT, AND DIGITAL CONTENT MANAGEMENT. ADDITIONALLY, THE ORGANIZATION PARTNERS WITH LOCAL INSTITUTIONS AND GOVERNMENTS TO EMPOWER YOUTH THROUGH SKILL-BUILDING INITIATIVES.
Activities or mission (Part I)
Pratham International was established to support learning innovations for children and youth in contexts across the globe. (Continued on Schedule O)
-
Education- In 2024, the Education vertical deepened its support to existing partners while launching new pilots on foundational learning across three regions - Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Education programs primarily focused on adapting Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL), an evidence-based approach that helps children build foundational literacy and numeracy skills quickly by grouping them according to learning levels rather than age or grade. TaRL programs supported by Pratham International and its partners have been adapted in over 20 countries and 30 languages. In MENA, Morocco's Ministry of National Education, Pre-school and Sports continued its efforts to scale TaRL to 75% of schools by 2027, with the aim of reaching three million learners. In parallel, Morocco's Ministry of Interior piloted an NGO-led after-school model to engage civil society in rural areas to advance foundational learning, reaching 16,657 learners at endline. In Egypt, early efforts centered on program design and training of two implementing organizations. In Latin America, collaborations in Brazil, Colombia, and El Salvador reached over 14,000 children through diverse models delivered in collaboration with local partners. In Sub-Saharan Africa, Pratham International continued to collaborate with Empower Learning Africa (ELA)and its partners on TaRL programming. Since 2019, TaRL has reached 5.8 million children cumulatively across 16 countries, with government-led scale-up efforts underway in Cte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, and Zambia. In 2024, adaptations for the early years were also introduced, while innovations within TaRL programming continued. The first adaptation of Pratham's early years approach, Leap Forward, was implemented in collaboration with Glasswing International across 20 schools in Guatemala and El Salvador. The model integrated community engagement through School Readiness Fairs, parental engagement via WhatsApp groups, and Glasswing staff-led teaching and learning activities during the school day. A total of 873 Pre-K to Grade 2 students participated in the initial School Readiness Fairs, while 190 and 134 children took part in classroom activities in Guatemala and El Salvador, respectively. Grades 1 and 2 in-class activities were also conducted in Kenya through ELA's learning camps.
Expenses $877,003 · Revenue $225,557
-
Digital- The Digital vertical led the development and deployment of a suite of technology-enabled solutions to strengthen learning and youth employability across diverse contexts. In the area of learning assessments, we built PadhAI - a customized AI-driven literacy assessment tool using one of the world's largest localized datasets (2,000 hours), capable of identifying regional languages, dialects, and accents. The tool was piloted with over 4,000 children and achieved ~90% accuracy, demonstrating strong diagnostic validity in the field. Complementing this, we also designed the Anytime Testing Machine - an AI-enabled tool that automates contextually aligned question generation, digitises and grades written and oral responses, and issues learner-sensitive, multilingual feedback to reduce teacher administrative burden and enable frequent, timely assessments. To support educators in managing multi-level, multilingual, and diverse classrooms, we began synthesizing facilitators' expertise to develop an AI assistant that enablesaccurate assessment of learning gaps, optimizes student grouping, and informs lesson planning through predictive analytics. Recognizing the critical need for digitization in low-resource contexts, the team has been working on refining OCR and OMR technologies to enable faster, more accurate, and robust capture and processing of unstructured responses. Separately, to strengthen English language skills among rural and second-language learners, the digital team developed an AI-assisted, LLM-based voicebot to improve speaking proficiency. Across all initiatives, the emphasis remained on innovating contextual, lightweight, and human-centric solutions that complement educators, empower under-resourced children and youth, and provide practical, scalable tools for learning.
Expenses $363,617
-
Skills Training- The organisation expanded its youth-to-work initiative in Kenya, deepening its footprint across counties and accelerating pathways to employment through strategic partnerships, instructor training, and digital innovation. Building on foundational efforts in Kisumu, the program scaled to 12 counties - including Nairobi, Kericho, Busia, Bungoma, and Kilifi, engaging county governments, vocational training centers (VTCs), and industry leaders to strengthen the ecosystem for youth employability. To bridge the gap between training and employment, the NexTayari digital platform was launched, connecting youth, VTCs, and over 400 employers across key sectors. Over the year, 1,431 youth (50% women) from 35 VTCs and 15 technical trades were onboarded, with 93% receiving industry attachment offers. Placement coordinators provided mentorship and created feedback loops to enhance employer engagement. A 40-hour hybrid instructor training program reached over 250 trainers, supported by 100+ instructional videos, peer-led WhatsApp communities, and gamified learning strategies. We ran a pilot using an AI-powered interview bot to gauge youth interest, facilitating over 450 mock sessions. The organisation will continue to build on these learnings, deepen stakeholder partnerships, and position NexTayari as a scalable model for youth employment, one that can be owned and adopted by governments and replicated across geographies. LINE 4D, PROGRAM SERVICE -------------------- OTHER PROGRAMS - ONE TIME GRANT FOR FLOOD RELIEF EFFORTS IN NAIROBI & KISUMU
Expenses $189,075 · Grants $18,546
As filed on the 2024 return. The filer continues this part on Schedule O, which is not shown here.
Listed in Part VII
-
Balakrishnan Venkatachalam
President & COO
- Total calculated
- $279,335
- From this org
- $246,219
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $33,116
- Hours/week
- 40
Schedule J breakdown matched by us
- Base
- $246,219
- Bonus
- not reported
- Other
- not reported
- Deferred
- $10,185
- Nontaxable benefits
- $22,931
- Filer's total
- $279,335
-
Pragya Dhariwal
Secretary & Treasurer
- Total calculated
- $129,001
- From this org
- $109,193
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $19,808
- Hours/week
- 40
-
Devyani Pershad
Director & Consultant
- Total calculated
- $63,956
- From this org
- $63,956
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Hours/week
- 40
-
Madhav Chavan
Director & Consultant
- Total calculated
- $58,380
- From this org
- $58,380
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $0
- Hours/week
- 40
-
Dinyar Devitre
Director
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Deepak Raj
Director
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Nishant Baghel
Director
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 5
-
Amrita Ahuja
Director
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
Compensation is as filed in Part VII: reportable pay from this organization and from related organizations, other compensation, and hours per week. The total, marked calculated, is our sum of the three dollar columns, with a blank column counted as $0; the form itself has no total. On a Form 990-EZ the columns are Part IV's instead, and on a Form 990-PF Part VIII's — compensation, contributions to benefit plans, and expense account — and the total sums those. A Schedule J breakdown is as filed: base pay, bonus, other, deferred compensation and nontaxable benefits from this organization, with any from related organizations beside each, and the filer's own total. It is shown with the Part VII listing of the same name on the same return. The form gives no key between the two, so that pairing is ours, and is marked matched by us.
Schedule J
Answered yes
- 3 · Written employment contract
- 3 · Approval by the board or compensation committee
Answered no
- 4a · Severance or change-of-control payment
- 4b · Supplemental nonqualified retirement plan
- 4c · Equity-based compensation arrangement
- 5a · Pay contingent on this organization's revenues
- 5b · Pay contingent on a related organization's revenues
- 6a · Pay contingent on this organization's net earnings
- 6b · Pay contingent on a related organization's net earnings
- 7 · Other non-fixed payments
- 8 · Paid under the initial-contract exception
Part I's answers as filed. A line not listed was left unanswered; on lines 1a and 3 that means the box was not checked.
Grants on this return
No itemized grants to organizations on this return.
Taxable family on this return
Schedule R Parts I, III and IV, as filed. These record ownership and control, not shared board members or money moved.
Related corporations and trusts
Part IV: related organizations taxable as a corporation or trust.
-
PUSA Learning Solutions Pvt Ltd
C Corp · Education Sup · IN · 99.7% owned · share of income $78,260 · share of assets $210,047 · controlled entity
Directly controlled by Pratham Interna
Provenance
- Return type
- form_990
- Tax year
- 2024
- Filed
- 17 March 2025
- IRS schema version
- 2024v5.2
- Source object
- 202503219349312595
Check it against the return as filed: the GivingTuesday Data Lake hosts a public copy of the original XML.
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