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← INSTITUTE FOR JUSTICE

Form 990 for tax year 2022

Filed by INSTITUTE FOR JUSTICE.

Totals

Total revenue
$38,753,383
Total expenses
$37,733,069
Contributions and grants received
$33,988,094
Grants paid
$103,348
Program service revenue
$1,300,429
Investment income
$3,422,745
Other revenue
$42,115
Total assets, end of year
$144,590,449
Total liabilities, end of year
$30,168,526
Net assets or fund balances, end of year
$114,421,923
Program services expenses (Part IX)
$31,265,704
Management and general expenses
$3,655,391
Fundraising expenses
$2,811,974
Program service expenses (Part III)
$31,265,704

Program services were 82.9% of total expenses calculated — Part IX's program-services column over total expenses, both as filed.

Line items

Every line the filer filed in Parts VIII, IX and X, as filed and in filed order. Blank columns are left out, and the lines are not forced to add up to the totals above.

Revenue

Part VIII, the statement of revenue.

  • 1f · All other contributions, gifts and grants

    $33,988,094

  • 1g · Noncash contributions included above

    $977,961

  • 2a · Program service revenue: ATTORNEY FEES

    total $1,291,822 · related or exempt $1,291,822

  • 2b · Program service revenue: HONORARIA

    total $8,607 · related or exempt $8,607

  • 3 · Investment income

    total $2,575,952 · excluded $2,575,952

  • 7a · Gross sales of assets other than inventory

    securities $7,518,908

  • 7b · Less cost or other basis and sales expenses

    securities $6,671,579 · other assets $536

  • 7c · Gain or loss

    securities $847,329 · other assets -$536

  • 7d · Net gain or loss

    total $846,793 · excluded $846,793

  • 11d · All other revenue

    total $42,115 · related or exempt $42,115

  • 11e · Other revenue, total

    $42,115

Functional expenses

Part IX, the statement of functional expenses.

  • 1 · Grants to domestic organizations and governments

    total $81,090 · program services $81,090

  • 2 · Grants to domestic individuals

    total $22,258 · program services $22,258

  • 5 · Compensation of officers, directors and key employees

    total $2,849,083 · program services $2,348,236 · management and general $284,323 · fundraising $216,524

  • 6 · Compensation of disqualified persons

    total $209,502 · program services $172,673 · management and general $20,907 · fundraising $15,922

  • 7 · Other salaries and wages

    total $19,458,074 · program services $16,037,494 · management and general $1,941,812 · fundraising $1,478,768

  • 8 · Pension plan contributions

    total $1,774,102 · program services $1,462,228 · management and general $177,046 · fundraising $134,828

  • 9 · Other employee benefits

    total $1,857,315 · program services $1,530,813 · management and general $185,350 · fundraising $141,152

  • 10 · Payroll taxes

    total $1,395,916 · program services $1,150,525 · management and general $139,305 · fundraising $106,086

  • 11b · Fees: legal

    total $130,721 · program services $86,779 · management and general $43,942

  • 11c · Fees: accounting

    total $79,595 · management and general $79,595

  • 11d · Fees: lobbying

    total $247,763 · program services $247,763

  • 11f · Fees: investment management

    total $11,161 · fundraising $11,161

  • 11g · Fees: other

    total $1,676,009 · program services $1,535,884 · management and general $43,546 · fundraising $96,579

  • 12 · Advertising and promotion

    total $73,243 · program services $68,803 · management and general $251 · fundraising $4,189

  • 13 · Office expenses

    total $952,628 · program services $659,826 · management and general $148,235 · fundraising $144,567

  • 14 · Information technology

    total $899,421 · program services $777,118 · management and general $13,630 · fundraising $108,673

  • 16 · Occupancy

    total $2,739,967 · program services $2,386,442 · management and general $133,718 · fundraising $219,807

  • 17 · Travel

    total $935,485 · program services $905,893 · management and general $10,905 · fundraising $18,687

  • 19 · Conferences, conventions and meetings

    total $343,787 · program services $337,096 · management and general $5,841 · fundraising $850

  • 20 · Interest

    total $4,429 · management and general $4,429

  • 22 · Depreciation, depletion and amortization

    total $895,313 · program services $737,923 · management and general $89,348 · fundraising $68,042

  • 23 · Insurance

    total $180,601 · program services $88,390 · management and general $92,211

  • 24a · Other expenses: RESEARCH TOOLS

    total $498,629 · program services $443,664 · management and general $23,012 · fundraising $31,953

  • 24b · Other expenses: COURT FEES

    total $82,487 · program services $82,237 · management and general $250

  • 24e · All other expenses

    total $334,490 · program services $102,569 · management and general $217,735 · fundraising $14,186

Balance sheet

Part X, book values.

  • 1 · Cash, non-interest-bearing

    beginning of year $2,518,446 · end of year $2,337,527

  • 3 · Pledges and grants receivable

    beginning of year $1,191,533 · end of year $1,435,000

  • 4 · Accounts receivable

    beginning of year $56,892 · end of year $1,085,748

  • 9 · Prepaid expenses and deferred charges

    beginning of year $467,777 · end of year $393,256

  • 10a · Land, buildings and equipment: cost or other basis

    $9,159,357

  • 10b · Land, buildings and equipment: accumulated depreciation

    $6,077,994

  • 10c · Land, buildings and equipment, net

    beginning of year $3,119,709 · end of year $3,081,363

  • 11 · Investments: publicly traded securities

    beginning of year $107,040,970 · end of year $112,802,470

  • 12 · Investments: other securities

    beginning of year $3,667,641

  • 14 · Intangible assets

    end of year $23,342,659

  • 15 · Other assets

    beginning of year $156,121 · end of year $112,426

  • 17 · Accounts payable and accrued expenses

    beginning of year $2,846,719 · end of year $3,592,161

  • 19 · Deferred revenue

    beginning of year $476,537 · end of year $249,108

  • 25 · Other liabilities

    beginning of year $3,078,593 · end of year $26,327,257

  • 27 · Net assets without donor restrictions

    beginning of year $108,550,958 · end of year $111,051,904

  • 28 · Net assets with donor restrictions

    beginning of year $3,266,282 · end of year $3,370,019

Mission and programs · 2022

Mission

THROUGH STRATEGIC LITIGATION, TRAINING, COMMUNICATION, ACTIVISM AND RESEARCH, THE INSTITUTE FOR JUSTICE (IJ) ADVANCES A RULE OF LAW UNDER WHICH INDIVIDUALS CAN CONTROL THEIR DESTINIES AS FREE AND RESPONSIBLE MEMBERS OF SOCIETY. IJ LITIGATES TO SECURE ECONOMIC LIBERTY, EDUCATIONAL CHOICE, PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS, FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND OTHER VITAL INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES, AND TO RESTORE CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITS ON THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT. IN ADDITION, IJ TRAINS LAW STUDENTS, LAWYERS AND POLICY ACTIVISTS IN THE TACTICS OF PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION. THROUGH THESE ACTIVITIES, IJ CHALLENGES THE IDEOLOGY OF THE WELFARE STATE AND ILLUSTRATES AND EXTENDS THE BENEFITS OF FREEDOM TO THOSE WHOSE FULL ENJOYMENT OF LIBERTY IS DENIED BY GOVERNMENT.

Activities or mission (Part I)

TO PROTECT THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF AMERICANS.

  • TO PROTECT THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS OF AMERICANS THROUGH LITIGATION, TO EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT ISSUES VITAL TO LIBERTY THROUGH MEDIA, ACTIVISM, AND OUTREACH, TO APPLY SOCIAL SCIENCE AND POLICY RESEARCH METHODS TO THOSE ISSUES THAT THE ORGANIZATION LITIGATES, AND TO TRAIN LAWYERS AND LAW STUDENTS.

    Expenses $31,265,704 · Grants $103,348 · Revenue $1,342,544

As filed on the 2022 return. The filer continues this part on Schedule O, which is not shown here.

Listed in Part VII

  • Scott G Bullock

    PRESIDENT AND CHIEF COUNSEL

    Total calculated
    $711,345
    From this org
    $658,378
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $52,967
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $528,244
    Bonus
    $130,000
    Other
    $134
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $12,367
    Filer's total
    $711,345
  • William Mellor

    CHAIRMAN AND FOUNDING GEN. COUNSEL

    Total calculated
    $61,481
    From this org
    $44,253
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $17,228
    Hours/week
    40
  • Arthur Dantchik

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Bob Gelfond

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Kenneth N Levy

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Jim Lintott

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Stephen Modzelewski

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Andrew D Prins

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Mary E Stiefel

    DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $0
    Hours/week
    1
  • Daniel Knepper

    CFO AND GEN. COUNSEL/SEC. AND TREAS.

    Total calculated
    $524,749
    From this org
    $470,411
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $54,338
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $395,364
    Bonus
    $75,000
    Other
    $47
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $13,738
    Filer's total
    $524,749
  • Beth Stevens

    VP FOR DEVELOPMENT

    Total calculated
    $377,831
    From this org
    $321,545
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $56,286
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $291,470
    Bonus
    $30,000
    Other
    $75
    Deferred
    $39,569
    Nontaxable benefits
    $16,717
    Filer's total
    $377,831
  • Dana Berliner

    SENIOR VP AND LITIGATION DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $610,249
    From this org
    $567,476
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $42,773
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $465,428
    Bonus
    $102,000
    Other
    $48
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $2,173
    Filer's total
    $610,249
  • Deborah Simpson

    CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER

    Total calculated
    $484,072
    From this org
    $418,937
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $65,135
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $348,792
    Bonus
    $70,000
    Other
    $145
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $24,535
    Filer's total
    $484,072
  • John Kramer

    VP FOR STRATEGIC RELATIONS

    Total calculated
    $466,066
    From this org
    $397,761
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $68,305
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $347,627
    Bonus
    $50,000
    Other
    $134
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $27,705
    Filer's total
    $466,066
  • Robert Frommer

    SENIOR ATTORNEY

    Total calculated
    $293,114
    From this org
    $248,459
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $44,655
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $231,908
    Bonus
    $16,500
    Other
    $51
    Deferred
    $31,893
    Nontaxable benefits
    $12,762
    Filer's total
    $293,114
  • Robert Gall

    MANAGING VP AND SENIOR ATTORNEY

    Total calculated
    $402,133
    From this org
    $338,976
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $63,157
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $293,929
    Bonus
    $45,000
    Other
    $47
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $22,557
    Filer's total
    $402,133
  • Robert Johnson

    SENIOR ATTORNEY

    Total calculated
    $320,500
    From this org
    $268,575
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $51,925
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $248,546
    Bonus
    $20,000
    Other
    $29
    Deferred
    $34,558
    Nontaxable benefits
    $17,367
    Filer's total
    $320,500
  • Robert McNamara

    DEPUTY LITIGATION DIRECTOR

    Total calculated
    $361,076
    From this org
    $297,742
    From related orgs
    $0
    Other
    $63,334
    Hours/week
    40

    Schedule J breakdown matched by us

    Base
    $296,209
    Bonus
    $1,500
    Other
    $33
    Deferred
    $40,600
    Nontaxable benefits
    $22,734
    Filer's total
    $361,076

Compensation is as filed in Part VII: reportable pay from this organization and from related organizations, other compensation, and hours per week. The total, marked calculated, is our sum of the three dollar columns, with a blank column counted as $0; the form itself has no total. On a Form 990-EZ the columns are Part IV's instead, and on a Form 990-PF Part VIII's — compensation, contributions to benefit plans, and expense account — and the total sums those. A Schedule J breakdown is as filed: base pay, bonus, other, deferred compensation and nontaxable benefits from this organization, with any from related organizations beside each, and the filer's own total. It is shown with the Part VII listing of the same name on the same return. The form gives no key between the two, so that pairing is ours, and is marked matched by us.

Schedule J

Answered yes

  • 3 · Compensation committee
  • 3 · Independent compensation consultant
  • 3 · Form 990 of other organizations
  • 3 · Compensation survey or study
  • 3 · Approval by the board or compensation committee
  • 7 · Other non-fixed payments

Answered no

  • 4a · Severance or change-of-control payment
  • 4b · Supplemental nonqualified retirement plan
  • 4c · Equity-based compensation arrangement
  • 5a · Pay contingent on this organization's revenues
  • 5b · Pay contingent on a related organization's revenues
  • 6a · Pay contingent on this organization's net earnings
  • 6b · Pay contingent on a related organization's net earnings
  • 8 · Paid under the initial-contract exception

The filer's explanations (Part III)

PART I, LINE 7
THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE DETERMINES, ON AN ANNUAL BASIS, THE BONUSES TO BE AWARDED TO SIX SENIOR IJ EMPLOYEES: (I) PRESIDENT/GENERAL COUNSEL, (II) SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT FOR LITIGATION, (III) CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER, (IV) MANAGING VP AND SENIOR ATTORNEY, (V) VICE PRESIDENT FOR COMMUNICATIONS, AND (VI) THE MANAGING VP-CFO/SECRETARY AND TREASURER. FOR ALL OTHERS, BONUSES ARE DETERMINED BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE INSTITUTE ON AN ANNUAL BASIS. ALL BONUSES ARE BASED ON A BOARD APPROVED BUDGET.

Part I's answers as filed. A line not listed was left unanswered; on lines 1a and 3 that means the box was not checked.

Grants on this return

Provenance

Return type
form_990
Tax year
2022
Filed
11 December 2023
IRS schema version
2022v5.0
Source object
202303499349301515

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