- Revenue 2024
- $1,331,729
- Expenses 2024
- $3,023,876
Program services were 62.1% of total expenses calculated — Part IX's program-services column over total expenses, both as filed.
As filed
- Subsection
- 03
- NTEE code
- Q33
- Classification
- 1000
- Street
- 2093 PHILADELPHIA PIKE
These codes are the IRS's own and are shown exactly as filed. What each one means is in the Business Master File documentation (opens in a new tab).
Other organizations at this address
3 other organizations in the IRS Business Master File list the same street address. matched by us
We match the street line and ZIP code as the IRS gives them, ignoring case and outer spaces and nothing else, so "AVE" and "AVENUE" count as different streets and this list can miss some. A shared address can mean related organizations or a shared office, but it can also be a registered agent, a mail drop or a service provider holding mail for unrelated clients. It is not, by itself, evidence that two organizations are connected.
-
HAPPY MEDICINE INC
EIN 86-3374887
-
SPECULATIVE TECHNOLOGIES INC
EIN 87-2825132
-
ZEARN
EIN 37-1665745
Mission and programs · 2024
Mission
JUSTICE DEFENDERS PROVIDES LEGAL EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND PRACTICE WITHIN DEFENSELESS COMMUNITIES. FOUNDED IN 2007, WE WORK ACROSS 35+ PRISONS IN AFRICA WHERE INCARCERATED PEOPLE AND OFFICERS TRAIN AND PROVIDE LEGAL SERVICES FOR THEMSELVES AND OTHERS.
Activities or mission (Part I)
JUSTICE DEFENDERS PROVIDES LEGAL EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND PRACTICE WITHIN DEFENSELESS COMMUNITIES. FOUNDED IN 2007, JUSTICE DEFENDERS WORK ACROSS 35+ PRISONS IN AFRICA WHERE INCARCERATED PEOPLE AND OFFICERS TRAIN AND PROVIDE LEGAL SERVICES FOR THEMSELVES AND OTHERS.
-
IN MANY COUNTRIES, SUSPECTS ARE DETAINED IN PRISON ALMOST AUTOMATICALLY ONCE THEY ARE ARRESTED. WHATEVER THE OFFENSE. SOME, YES, ARE GUILTY. MANY ARE POOR, VULNERABLE, AND UNJUSTLY TARGETED. REGARDLESS, LIVES ARE LOST WAITING FOR JUSTICE TO ARRIVE. OUR WORK HELPS THE HUMANS WITHIN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FLOURISH. AND THIS INCREASED CAPACITY PROMOTES MORE EQUITABLE, JUST, AND PEACEFUL SOCIETIES, IN KEEPING WITH THE UN'S 2030 SDG 16. SINCE OUR FUNDING, 100,000+ INDIVIDUALS HAVE BEEN SERVED VIA LEGAL DEFENSE; 600+ PARALEGALS HAVE BEEN TRAINED IN PRISON, 59 OF WHICH GRADUATED FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON FOLLOWING THE FOOTSTEPS OF NELSON MANDELA; AND 37,000+ INDIVIDUALS HAVE BEEN RELEASED. IN 2024 ALONE, 45+ PARALEGALS WERE TRAINED, 30,000+ INDIVIDUALS WERE SERVICED VIA FREE LEGAL DEFENSE, AND 15,000+ INDIVIDUALS WERE RELEASED AND RETURNED TO THEIR FAMILIES. WE DREAM OF A DAY WHERE NO ONE IS PUNISHED OR IMPRISONED - AND CERTAINLY NOT CANED OR EXECUTED - WITHOUT TELLING THEIR SIDE OF THE STORY. OUR HOPE IS FOR A WORLD WHERE EACH OF US IS EQUALLY ACCOUNTABLE TO AND PROTECTED BY THE LAW. BECAUSE THERE CAN BE NO JUSTICE WITHOUT PEACE, AND THERE CAN BE NO PEACE WITHOUT JUSTICE.
Expenses $1,878,075
As filed on the 2024 return. The filer continues this part on Schedule O, which is not shown here.
Officers and directors · 2024
As listed in Part VII of the 2024 return, in the order the filer printed them. Each return names its own; this is not a roster the organization keeps with us.
-
David HollowDAVID HOLLOW
PAST GLOBAL CHAIR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Luis FranceschiLUIS FRANCESCHI
GLOBAL CHAIR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Trevor DightonTREVOR DIGHTON
GLOBAL TREASURER
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
James HoltJAMES HOLT
USA DIRECTOR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Janet LintottJANET LINTOTT
USA DIRECTOR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Xochi BirchXOCHI BIRCH
GLOBAL DIRECTOR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Sally CookSALLY COOK
GLOBAL DIRECTOR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Jonathan Stewart Philip CoulsonJONATHAN STEWART PHILIP COULSON
GLOBAL DIRECTOR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Anne MerrimanANNE MERRIMAN
GLOBAL DIRECTOR
- Total calculated
- $0
- Hours/week
- 1
-
Alexander McLeanALEXANDER MCLEAN
GLOBAL CEO/ USA SECRETARY
- Total calculated
- $229,561
- From this org
- $0
- From related orgs
- $0
- Other
- $229,561
- Hours/week
- 30
Compensation is as filed in Part VII: reportable pay from this organization and from related organizations, other compensation, and hours per week. The total, marked calculated, is our sum of the three dollar columns, with a blank column counted as $0; the form itself has no total. On a Form 990-EZ the columns are Part IV's instead, and on a Form 990-PF Part VIII's — compensation, contributions to benefit plans, and expense account — and the total sums those. Earlier years are each on their own filing page.
Filings
-
2024
- Revenue
- $1,331,729
- Expenses
- $3,023,876
- Contributions
- $1,244,146
- Grants paid
- $0
-
2023
- Revenue
- $1,868,837
- Expenses
- $4,168,934
- Contributions
- $1,744,406
- Grants paid
- $0
-
2022
- Revenue
- $6,333,817
- Expenses
- $1,592,264
- Contributions
- $6,332,683
- Grants paid
- $1,456,000
The four totals the IRS asks for on Part I of the Form 990, as filed. A dash means the figure was not present on the return — not that it was zero.
Other returns filed
-
2021 · 990
- Revenue
- $2,517,601
- Expenses
- $2,287,627
- Assets (EOY)
- $592,569
-
2020 · 990
- Revenue
- $354,993
- Expenses
- $4,448
- Assets (EOY)
- $350,545
Nonprofiteer parses Forms 990, 990-EZ and 990-PF, in a window of recent tax years. These returns are recorded from the IRS e-file index, so their figures were extracted by that index rather than read from the return here — treat them as a different source from the filings above, not as more of the same record. A dash means the index carries no figure; Form 990-T listings carry none at all.
Form 990-N e-Postcard, tax year 2019
- Tax period
- 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019
- Principal officer
-
Alexander McLean
- Mailing address
- 2093 Philadelphia PikeClaymont DE 19703
As filed, from the IRS e-Postcard file of 2 November 2026. The IRS publishes only each organization's most recent postcard, so earlier years are not shown. A 990-N carries no financial detail. The postcard also gives the principal officer's address, which is not shown here.
Grants made
No itemized grants to organizations. Schedule I is filed only by organizations that granted more than $5,000 to a recipient, so most filers have none.
Grants received
-
2023 JUSTICE
-
$500,000
2024 IN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE
-
2022 For grant recipient's exempt purposes
-
$250,000
2022 IN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE
-
$175,000
2022 INTERNATIONAL
-
GREATER HOUSTON COMMUNITY FOUNDATION
$150,000
2023 INTERNATIONAL
-
$100,000
2023 IN FURTHERANCE OF GRANTEE'S TAX-EXEMPT PURPOSE
-
$100,000
2023 EDUCATION
-
DONOR ADVISED CHARITABLE GIVING
$61,600
2022 HUMAN SERVICES
-
$50,000
2024 INTERNATIONAL
The 10 largest by cash amount. The API serves every itemized grant.
Related organizations
From Schedule R Part II, where a filer lists the tax-exempt organizations it is related to by control. It does not record shared board members or money.
Declared on its 2023 return
-
JUSTICE DEFENDERS UK
CHARITABLE · UK
Taxable family
From Schedule R Parts I, III and IV: entities that legally are the filer, and taxable partnerships, corporations and trusts it is related to. These record ownership and control, not shared board members or money.
Disregarded entities on its 2024 return
-
CHARITABLE · UG · income $627,695 · assets $118,643
-
CHARITABLE · GA · income $300,924 · assets $39,786
-
CHARITABLE · UK · income $1,591,172 · assets $372,814
-
CHARITABLE · KE · income $910,392 · assets $129,036
Other IRS files
Auto-Revocation List
Not listed. The IRS publishes this list for organizations whose exemption was automatically revoked for failing to file for three consecutive years.
Publication 78
Listed as of 13 October 2026, under deductibility PC.
These are two separate IRS files on two separate schedules, shown as published and not reconciled with each other. Neither is a statement about whether a contribution is deductible today: 19,245 organizations appear in Publication 78 while the IRS's own revocation file lists them as currently revoked, more than half of those revoked before 2019. Absence from Publication 78 is evidence of nothing, and presence is not evidence either. Verify current status with the IRS before relying on it.
What this page reflects
The registration facts above come from the IRS Business Master File published 13 October 2026 and read 1 November 2026, for every organization at once. Returns through tax year 2024, the newest we have parsed for this organization.